DNA fragments on a single-molecule degree reveals patterns
BCAS2, a protein enriched in superior prostate most cancers, interacts with NBS1 to bolster DNA double-strand break restore
Background: Breast most cancers amplified sequence 2 (BCAS2) performs important roles in pre-mRNA splicing and androgen receptor transcription. Earlier analysis urged that BCAS2 is worried in double-strand breaks (DSB); on account of this truth, we aimed to characterise its mechanism and place in prostate most cancers (PCa).
Methods: Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy have been used to assay the roles of BCAS2 inside the DSBs of PCa cells and apoptosis in Drosophila, respectively. The impression of BCAS2 dosage on non-homologous end changing into a member of (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) have been assayed by actual end-joining assay and transfer cytometry, respectively. Glutathione-S-transferase pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation assays have been used to seek out out whether or not or not and the way in which BCAS2 interacts with NBS1. The expression of BCAS2 and totally different proteins in human PCa was determined by immunohistochemistry.
Outcomes: BCAS2 helped restore radiation-induced DSBs successfully in every human PCa cells and Drosophila. BCAS2 enhanced every NHEJ and HR, most likely by interacting with NBS1, which involved the BCAS2 N-terminus as successfully as every the NBS1 N- and C-termini. The overexpression of BCAS2 was significantly associated to bigger Gleason and pathology grades and shorter survival in victims with PCa.
Conclusion: BCAS2 promotes two DSB restore pathways by interacting with NBS1, and it might impact PCa improvement.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of CSP from Human, Mouse, Rat. This CSP antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human CSP at AA range: 100-180
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of CSP from Human, Mouse, Rat. This CSP antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human CSP at AA range: 100-180
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of CSP from Human, Mouse, Rat. This CSP antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human CSP at AA range: 100-180
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Goat that recognizes and binds to Human DNAJC5 / CSP (aa177-191). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: This gene is a member of the septin gene family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. This gene is mapped to 22q11, the region frequently deleted in DiGeorge and velocardiofacial syndromes. A translocation involving the MLL gene and this gene has also been reported in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The presence of a non-consensus polyA signal (AACAAT) in this gene also results in read-through transcription into the downstream neighboring gene (GP1BB; platelet glycoprotein Ib), whereby larger, non-coding transcripts are produced.
Description: This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to the CDC10 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein also shares similarity with Diff 6 of Drosophila and with H5 of mouse. Each of these similar proteins, including the yeast CDC10, contains a GTP-binding motif. The yeast CDC10 protein is a structural component of the 10 nm filament which lies inside the cytoplasmic membrane and is essential for cytokinesis. This human protein functions in gliomagenesis and in the suppression of glioma cell growth, and it is required for the association of centromere-associated protein E with the kinetochore. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Several related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 14, 17 and 19.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of GTPases. Members of this family are required for cytokinesis and the maintenance of cellular morphology. This gene encodes a protein that can form homo- and heterooligomeric filaments, and may contribute to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found but the full-length nature of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of GTPases. Members of this family are required for cytokinesis. One version of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia is the result of a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 11 and X, with the breakpoint associated with the genes encoding the mixed-lineage leukemia and septin 2 proteins. This gene encodes four transcript variants encoding three distinct isoforms. An additional transcript variant has been identified, but its biological validity has not been determined.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family involved in cytokinesis and cell cycle control. This gene is a candidate for the ovarian tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in this gene cause hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy, also known as neuritis with brachial predilection. A chromosomal translocation involving this gene on chromosome 17 and the MLL gene on chromosome 11 results in acute myelomonocytic leukemia. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse, and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. This gene is highly expressed in brain and heart. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. One of the isoforms (known as ARTS) is distinct; it is localized to the mitochondria, and has a role in apoptosis and cancer.
Description: This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to the CDC10 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein also shares similarity with Diff 6 of Drosophila and with H5 of mouse. Each of these similar proteins, including the yeast CDC10, contains a GTP-binding motif. The yeast CDC10 protein is a structural component of the 10 nm filament which lies inside the cytoplasmic membrane and is essential for cytokinesis. This human protein functions in gliomagenesis and in the suppression of glioma cell growth, and it is required for the association of centromere-associated protein E with the kinetochore. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Several related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 14, 17 and 19.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse, and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin gene family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. This gene is mapped to 22q11, the region frequently deleted in DiGeorge and velocardiofacial syndromes. A translocation involving the MLL gene and this gene has also been reported in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The presence of a non-consensus polyA signal (AACAAT) in this gene also results in read-through transcription into the downstream neighboring gene (GP1BB; platelet glycoprotein Ib), whereby larger, non-coding transcripts are produced.
Description: This gene is a member of the septin family of nucleotide binding proteins, originally described in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are highly conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse, and appear to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Disruption of septin function disturbs cytokinesis and results in large multinucleate or polyploid cells. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Description: This gene encodes a guanine-nucleotide binding protein and member of the septin family of cytoskeletal GTPases. Septins play important roles in cytokinesis, exocytosis, embryonic development, and membrane dynamics. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPG4. Recognizes CSPG4 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC; Recommended dilution: WB:1:1000-1:5000, IHC:1:20-1:200
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPG4. Recognizes CSPG4 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPG5. Recognizes CSPG5 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPP1. Recognizes CSPP1 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPG5. Recognizes CSPG5 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: WB, ELISA;WB:1/500-1/2000.ELISA:1/40000
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPG4. Recognizes CSPG4 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC;ELISA:1:2000-1:5000, WB:1:500-1:2000, IHC:1:20-1:100
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPG5. Recognizes CSPG5 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB;WB:1:500-1:3000
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPG5. Recognizes CSPG5 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB;WB:1:500-1:3000
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPP1. Recognizes CSPP1 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC; Recommended dilution: IHC:1:20-1:200
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CSPP1. Recognizes CSPP1 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC; Recommended dilution: WB:1:1000-1:5000, IHC:1:20-1:200
Rabbit Anti-(PPPPNAND)3 peptide (repeat-sequence peptide of the P. berghei circumsporozoite protein, CSP) IgG, aff pure
Description: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4, also known as melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MCSP) or neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2), is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that in humans is encoded by the CSPG4 gene. CSPG4 plays a role in stabilizing cell-substratum interactions during early events of melanoma cell spreading on endothelial basement membranes. It represents an integral membrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expressed by human malignant melanoma cells.
Description: Proteoglycan playing a role in cell proliferation and migration which stimulates endothelial cells motility during microvascular morphogenesis. May also inhibit neurite outgrowth and growth cone collapse during axon regeneration. Cell surface receptor for collagen alpha 2(VI) which may confer cells ability to migrate on that substrate. Binds through its extracellular N-terminus growth factors, extracellular matrix proteases modulating their activity. May regulate MPP16-dependent degradation and invasion of type I collagen participating in melanoma cells invasion properties. May modulate the plasminogen system by enhancing plasminogen activation and inhibiting angiostatin. Functions also as a signal transducing protein by binding through its cytoplasmic C-terminus scaffolding and signaling proteins. May promote retraction fiber formation and cell polarization through Rho GTPase activation. May stimulate alpha-4, beta-1 integrin-mediated adhesion and spreading by recruiting and activating a signaling cascade through CDC42, ACK1 and BCAR1. May activate FAK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascades. [UniProt]
Description: Proteoglycan playing a role in cell proliferation and migration which stimulates endothelial cells motility during microvascular morphogenesis. May also inhibit neurite outgrowth and growth cone collapse during axon regeneration. Cell surface receptor for collagen alpha 2(VI) which may confer cells ability to migrate on that substrate. Binds through its extracellular N-terminus growth factors, extracellular matrix proteases modulating their activity. May regulate MPP16-dependent degradation and invasion of type I collagen participating in melanoma cells invasion properties. May modulate the plasminogen system by enhancing plasminogen activation and inhibiting angiostatin. Functions also as a signal transducing protein by binding through its cytoplasmic C-terminus scaffolding and signaling proteins. May promote retraction fiber formation and cell polarization through Rho GTPase activation. May stimulate alpha-4, beta-1 integrin-mediated adhesion and spreading by recruiting and activating a signaling cascade through CDC42, ACK1 and BCAR1. May activate FAK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascades. [UniProt]
Description: Proteoglycan playing a role in cell proliferation and migration which stimulates endothelial cells motility during microvascular morphogenesis. May also inhibit neurite outgrowth and growth cone collapse during axon regeneration. Cell surface receptor for collagen alpha 2(VI) which may confer cells ability to migrate on that substrate. Binds through its extracellular N-terminus growth factors, extracellular matrix proteases modulating their activity. May regulate MPP16-dependent degradation and invasion of type I collagen participating in melanoma cells invasion properties. May modulate the plasminogen system by enhancing plasminogen activation and inhibiting angiostatin. Functions also as a signal transducing protein by binding through its cytoplasmic C-terminus scaffolding and signaling proteins. May promote retraction fiber formation and cell polarization through Rho GTPase activation. May stimulate alpha-4, beta-1 integrin-mediated adhesion and spreading by recruiting and activating a signaling cascade through CDC42, ACK1 and BCAR1. May activate FAK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascades. [UniProt]
Description: This is Competitive Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antibody Detection.detection of Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) in serum, plasma and other biological fluids.
Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Competitive Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antibody Detection.detection of Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) in serum, plasma and other biological fluids.
Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Competitive Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antibody Detection.detection of Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) in serum, plasma and other biological fluids.
Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Competitive Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Antibody Detection.detection of Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) in serum, plasma and other biological fluids.
Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) ELISA Kit
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Competitive Inhibition method for detection of Human Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody (Anti-AsAb) in samples from serum, plasma and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species.
Protozoan Plasmodium vivax Circumsporozoite Protein (P. vivax CSP) Protein
Description: A competitive Inhibition ELISA kit for detection of Anti-Anti-Sperm Antibody Antibody from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids.
Rabbit Anti-(NANP)5 peptide (25-aa, repeat-sequence peptide of the P. falciparum circumsporozoite protein), CSP IgG, aff pure
Description: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin/fibronectin type III repeat family. It is a component of a cell-surface receptor complex that mediates cell-cell interactions between muscle precursor cells, and promotes myogenic differentiation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Description: Human bocavirus (also termed HBoV) is a small non-enveloped virus with a single- stranded DNA genome. It is a member of the Parvoviridae family. HBoV has been detected worldwide in 2–20 % of all upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and has also been linked to gastroenteritis.
Description: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin/fibronectin type III repeat family. It is a component of a cell-surface receptor complex that mediates cell-cell interactions between muscle precursor cells, and promotes myogenic differentiation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Sequencing and Characterisation of Full Mitochondrial DNA Genome for Trigonopoma pauciperforatum (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae: Danioninae) with Phylogenetic Consideration
The Trigonopoma pauciperforatum or the redstripe rasbora is a cyprinid usually current in marshes and swampy areas with slight acidic tannin-stained water inside the tropics. On this analysis, the entire mitogenome sequence of pauciperforatum was first amplified in two elements using two pairs of overlapping primers after which sequenced.
The size of the mitogenome is 16,707 bp, encompassing 22 swap RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and a putative administration space. An similar gene organisation was detected between this species and totally different family members.
The heavy strand accommodates 28 genes whereas the sunshine strand houses the remaining 9 genes. Most protein-coding genes utilise ATG as start codon except for COI gene which makes use of GTG as a substitute. The terminal associated sequence (TAS), central conserved sequence block (CSB-F, CSB-D and CSB-E) along with variable sequence block (CSB-1, CSB-2 and CSB-3) are conserved inside the administration space.
The utmost likelihood phylogenetic tree revealed the divergence of pauciperforatum from the basal space of the foremost clade, the place its evolutionary relationships with Boraras maculatus, Rasbora cephalotaenia and R. daniconius are poorly resolved as urged by the low bootstrap values.
This work contributes within the route of the genetic helpful useful resource enrichment for peat swamp conservation and full in-depth comparisons all through totally different phylogenetic researches accomplished on the Rasbora-related genus.
Reconstructing double-stranded DNA fragments on a single-molecule diploma reveals patterns of degradation in historic samples
Intensive manipulations involved inside the preparation of DNA samples for sequencing have hitherto made it unimaginable to seek out out the precise building of double-stranded DNA fragments being sequenced, such as a result of the presence of blunt ends, single-stranded overhangs, or single-strand breaks.
We proper right here describe MatchSeq, a method that mixes single-stranded DNA library preparation from diluted DNA samples with computational sequence matching, allowing the reconstruction of double-stranded DNA fragments on a single-molecule diploma.
The equipment of MatchSeq to Neanderthal DNA, a really superior provide of degraded DNA, reveals that 1- or 2-nt overhangs and blunt ends dominate the ends of historic DNA molecules and that temporary gaps exist, which can be predominantly introduced on by the dearth of specific individual purines.
We extra current that deamination of cytosine to uracil occurs in every single- and double-stranded contexts close to the ends of molecules, and that single-stranded elements of DNA fragments are enriched in pyrimidines. MatchSeq provides unprecedented choice for interrogating the buildings of fragmented double-stranded DNA and could possibly be utilized to fragmented double-stranded DNA isolated from any natural provide. The tactic relies on well-established laboratory strategies and would possibly merely be built-in into routine information period.
This danger is confirmed by the worthwhile reconstruction of double-stranded DNA fragments from beforehand revealed single-stranded sequence information, allowing a further full characterization of the biochemical properties not solely of historic DNA however as well as of cell-free DNA from human blood plasma, a clinically associated marker for the evaluation and monitoring of sickness.
